What Is Sandpaper Used For In Drawing
sandpaper
(coated abrasives)
Contents
- grades
- composition of the dust
- density of the grit
- adhesive
- backing
- formats and dimensions
- sheets
- rolls
- discs
- sleeves
- belts
- tapes
- cords
- foam blocks
- pre-cutting to fit certain machines
- Standards
Grades
In that location are several standards for coated abrasives, but by far the about unremarkably used are those of the Coated Abrasives Manufacturer'southward Institute (CAMI) and the Federation of European Producers of Abrasives (FEPA). Worldwide, the FEPA organisation is more than common. The ii systems are not strictly comparable, because FEPA defines a course by specifying a range of grain sizes, while CAMI specifies an boilerplate particle size. For instance, by the FEPA standard for macrogrits class F180, no more than three% by mass of the grit tin have a particle size larger than 90 microns, and at least 94% must be larger than 53 microns. In F220 (a "microgrit"), no more 3% can exist larger than 75 microns, at least l% must be in the range 50.0 to 56.0, and at least 94% must be larger than 45 microns. See the Standards section beneath for sources of detailed data.
In the abrasives industry, particle size is typically expressed in microns. Simply the CGPM, the decision-making authority for SI, says microns should be called micrometers.
| CAMI Course | FEPA P-grade | Grit | Description | Boilerplate particle size in microns (inches) | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| four½ | 1842 (.07174) | ||||
| P12 | 1815 | ||||
| P16 | 1324 | ||||
| 16 | iv | very coarse | 1320 (.05148) | Removing rust, paint, etc. | |
| P20 | 1000 (.03838) | ||||
| 20 | 3½ | 905 (.03530) | |||
| P24 | 764 (.02886) | ||||
| 24 | iii | 715 (.02789) | |||
| 30 | 2½ | coarse | 638 (.02488) | ||
| P30 | 642 (.02426) | ||||
| 36 | ii | 535 (.02087) | |||
| P36 | 538 (.02044) | ||||
| 40 | 1½ | 428 (.01669) | |||
| P40 | 425 (.01601) | ||||
| 50 | 1 | 351 (.01369) | |||
| P50 | 336 (.01271) | ||||
| threescore | ½ | medium | 268 (.01045) | ||
| P60 | 269 (.01014) | ||||
| P80 | 201 (.00768) | ||||
| 80 | 0 | 192 (.00749) | Coarsest grade needed in finishing surfaced lumber. | ||
| P100 | 162 (.00608) | ||||
| 100 | 2/0 | 141 (.00550) | |||
| P120 | fine | 125 (.00495) | |||
| 120 | iii/0 | 116 (.00452) | |||
| P150 | 100 (.00378) | ||||
| 150 | 4/0 | 93 (.00363) | |||
| 180 | 5/0 | 78 (.00304) | Many workers feel 180 is as fine a course as need exist used on raw wood that is to be varnished or lacquered. | ||
| P180 | 82 | ||||
| 220 | 6/0 | very fine | 66 (.00257) | ||
| P220 | 68 (.00254) | ||||
| To a higher place are called "macrogrits" Beneath are "microgrits". | |||||
| P240 | 58.5 ± 2.0 (.00230) | ||||
| 240 | seven/0 | very fine | 53.v (.00209) | ||
| P280 | 52.2 ± 2.0 (.00204) | ||||
| P320 | 46.two ± 1.v (.00180) | ||||
| 280 | 8/0 | very fine | 44 (.00172) | ||
| 320 | ix/0 | extra fine | 36 (.00140) | Coarsest form used to sand grain raised by stain. | |
| P400 | 35.0 ± 1.five (.00137) | ||||
| P500 | 30.2 ± 1.5 (.00120) | ||||
| 360 | extra fine | 28.viii (.00112) | |||
| P600 | 25.8 ± 1.0 (.00100 | ||||
| 400 | 10/0 | actress fine | 23.6 (.00092) | Finest grit available in stearated paper. | |
| P800 | 21.viii ± ane.0 (.00085) | ||||
| 500 | super fine | 19.7 (.00077) | |||
| P1000 | 18.3 ± 1.0 (.00071) | ||||
| 600 | super fine | 16.0 (.00062) | |||
| P1200 | 15.iii ± 1.0 (.00060) | ||||
| The remaining grades are used mainly in finishing metal and are most easily found at automotive supply stores. | |||||
| P1500 | 12.six ± 1.0 | ||||
| 800 | 12.ii (.00048) | ||||
| P2000 | 10.3 ± 0.8 | ||||
| 1000 | nine.two (.00036) | 1000 to 1500 are used in rubbing out lacquer finishes on woods. | |||
| P2500 | viii.iv ± 0.five | ||||
| 1200 | 6.5 (.00026) | ||||
| 1500 | iii? | ||||
| 2000 | i? | ||||
Composition of the grit
The abrasive may be whatsoever of the materials listed below.
- flint
- garnet
- aluminum oxide
- silicon carbide
- alumina-zirconia
- emery
Density of the grit
On closed-coat sandpaper, the grit covers 100% of the surface; on open-coat newspaper it covers 50% to 70% of the surface, the advantage beingness that the paper doesn't clog as easily. Forest is best sanded with open up coat paper.
Some paper is treated with a soap-similar substance to reduce clogging ("stearated" or "nonclog" sandpaper). Such paper is useful for sanding resinous woods and some finishes. Because it can leave a deposit, stearated newspaper should not be used if a water-based finish volition be applied.
Adhesive
The grains of abrasive are held on the backing by glue, resin, or a combination of the two. The mucilage used in light duty papers is not waterproof.
Backing
An annoying "paper" may be backed with either paper, material or a polyester film.
Paper backings are made in grades A through F, with F existence heaviest. The A and B weights are used for finishing papers, C and D are full general purpose weights, D and E are suitable for machine sanding, and F is used for belts.
Cloth backings are made in J, X, and Y weights, with Y the heaviest. The J weight is used when the sandpaper must adapt to curved surfaces, and the Y weight is usually establish merely in heavy duty industrial applications.
Formats and dimensions
Sandpaper is available in a wide variety of forms:
Sheets
The standard sheet of sandpaper is 9 by 11 inches. Sanding appliances oftentimes call for a fraction of a sheet, and the partial sizes are bachelor.
- quarter sheets, 4½ by 5½ inches.
- one-third sheets, 3²⁄₃ past 9 inches.
- half sheets, 5½ past ix inches.
Rolls
4.5
Discs
Diameters of 6″, 8″, 9″, 10″, 12″, and 15″.
Sleeves
These are cylinders that fit over rubber drums used, for example, on drill presses.
Belts
Some of the more common sizes are
- one inch by 30, 42 or 44 inches
- 2½ inches by 16 inches
- 3 inches past 18, 21, 23¾ or 27 inches
- 4 inches by 21, 21¾, 24 or 36 inches
- six inches by 48 inches
Tape
In widths from ¹⁄₁₆ to ¼ inch, with grades of 150 and 180 in aluminum oxide and silicon carbide. Crocus cloth is also available as tape.
Cord
The annoying is coated on a round cord from 0.012 to 0.093 inch in diameter, in grades from 120 to 280, in the aforementioned materials as record.
Sponge block
Foam blocks coated with abrasive are a popular substitute for a sanding block wrapped with sandpaper. Near are paw-sized, blocks one inch thick, 4½ inches long, and around two¾ to 3¾ inches thick. Many other sizes and shapes are made. Those with precipitous angles are specially useful. The amend ones are claimed to concluding 5 times longer than sandpaper, and are h2o-washable.
Sanding blocks are also made in which the abrasive, instead of being a coating on the block'south surface, is incorporated throughout the block.
Precut to fit specific machines
oscillating introduced by Fein and now available fr described as iii past 3
standards
ISO
ISO 6344. Mastergrits
ANSI
B74-ten. ANSI B74.12-2018
Washington Mills provides a detailed table based on ANSI standards:
https://www.washingtonmills.com/resources/guides/ansi-particle-size-conversion-nautical chart
FEPA
FEPA-standard 43-1984 R 1993: Grit Sizes for Coated Abrasives; 32GB; 33GB.
world wide web.washingtonmills.com/resources/guides/fepa-particle-size-conversion-chart
JIS: R6001-87.
resources
The Unified Abrasives Manufacturers Association (world wide web.uama.org) offers iv lessons on abrasives. Abrasives 101 goes into some detail. The other iii are sets of PowerPoint slides, unfortunately with minimal explanations.
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Last revised: 16 May 2022.
Source: https://www.sizes.com/tools/sandpaper.htm
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